Dengism
Dengism, officially 'socialism with Chinese characteristics', is the reform doctrine introduced by Deng Xiaoping from 1978. It keeps Communist Party rule while opening China to markets, private enterprise and foreign investment to drive economic growth.
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Central party authority is firm, though provinces gained considerable economic discretion.
Retains one-party rule and rejects multiparty elections.
Prioritises stability through censorship and suppression of political dissent.
Engages with global institutions while putting national sovereignty and development first.
Supports steady military modernisation, with a stated focus on defence.
Promotes national unity and limits immigration, with pressure on minority cultures.
Mixes state ownership of key sectors with a large private economy.
Combines market allocation with state-led planning and industrial policy.
Export-led growth with openness to trade, alongside state support for strategic industries.
The party is officially atheist and closely regulates religion.
Socially conservative on dissent and family, prioritising stability over social reform.
Strongly favours science, technology and rapid modernisation.