Titoism
Titoism describes the policies of Yugoslavia under Josip Broz Tito after its 1948 split with the Soviet Union. It combined one-party rule with workers' self-management, a federal multi-national state and non-alignment in the Cold War.
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Yugoslavia was a federation, and the 1974 constitution gave republics extensive powers.
One-party rule by the League of Communists, with a strong personal role for Tito.
Maintained political policing and censorship, though less restrictive than the Soviet bloc.
Co-founded the Non-Aligned Movement while guarding national independence.
Kept a large army and a territorial defence doctrine, without expansionism.
Promoted 'brotherhood and unity' among many nations rather than one dominant culture.
Social ownership of enterprises with workers' self-management.
Combined social planning with market mechanisms and enterprise autonomy.
Traded with both East and West, with moderate protection of domestic industry.
Officially secular, restricting religious institutions' public role.
Advanced women's education and employment while remaining cautious on other social change.
Pursued industrial modernisation without a distinctive stance on technology.